Sudah membuat laporan atau pengaduan ke polisi, namun tidak ditanggapi?
Atau Laporan dan pengaduan ditolak oleh pihak kepolisian?
Yuk simak penjelasan sebagai berikut:
Pengaduan adalah pemberitahuan disertai permintaan oleh pihak yang berkepentingan kepada pejabat yang berwenang untuk menindak menurut hukum yang berlaku terhadap seseorang yang telah melakukan tindak pidana yang merugikannya.
Laporan adalah pemberitahuan yang disampaikan oleh seseorang karena hak atau kewajiban berdasarkan undang-undang kepada pejabat yang berwenang tentang telah atau sedang atau diduga akan terjadinya peristiwa pidana.
Pembuatan laporan polisi menjadi langkah penting menciptakan keamanan dan ketertiban masyarakat. Apabila Sobat mengalami atau mengetahui tindak pidana, sebaiknya segera membuat laporan ke polisi.
Namun, bagaimana jika laporan polisi tidak diproses? Apa yang harus dilakukan?
Laporan polisi menjadi dokumen penting dalam penegakan hukum, sebab didalamnya terdapat catatan dan dokumentasi terkait kejadian tindak pidana. Masyarakat diharapkan membuat laporan polisi dengan efektif, supaya dapat membantu pihak berwenang dalam penanganan kasus dengan lebih baik. Perlu diketahui bahwa laporan polisi ini dapat menjadi alat penting dalam menciptakan lingkungan yang aman dan menegakkan keadilan.
Merujuk Pasal 1 angka 24 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (“KUHAP”), menyebutkan bahwa yang dimaksud laporan adalah pemberitahuan yang disampaikan oleh seseorang karena hak atau kewajiban berdasarkan undang-undang kepada pejabat yang berwenang tentang telah atau sedang atau diduga akan terjadinya peristiwa pidana.
Pengertian tersebut menunjukan bahwa peristiwa yang dilaporkan belum tentu perbuatan pidana, sehingga perlu dilakukan penyelidikan oleh pejabat yang berwenang terlebih dahulu untuk menentukan perbuatan itu merupakan tindak pidana atau bukan. Masyarakat sebagai pihak yang melihat suatu tindak kejahatan memiliki kewajiban untuk melaporkan tindakan tersebut.
Kemudian, pihak yang berhak melaporkan tindak pidana ke kepolisian yaitu setiap orang yang mengalami, melihat, menyaksikan dan/atau jadi korban tindak pidana berhak mengajukan laporan atau pengaduan kepada penyelidik dan/atau penyidik baik lisan maupun tertulis.
Namun masyarakat sering sekali dihadapkan dengan kenyataan tidak seperti yang diharapkan. Bukan rahasia umum lagi banyak masyarakat yang mengeluhkan sudah membuat laporan polisi hingga berbulan bulan hingga bertahun tahun, namun tidak ditanggapi atau tidak ada tindak lanjut.
Ada juga laporan yang telak dibuat namun ditolak oleh kepolisian. Maka tentu menimbulkan pertanyaan apakah polisi berhak menolak laporan masyarakat?
Pada SPKT/SPK yang menerima laporan/pengaduan, ditempatkan Penyidik/Penyidik Pembantu yang ditugasi untuk:
- …
- Melakukan kajian awal guna menilai layak/tidaknya dibuatkan laporan polisi; dan
- …
Setelah dilakukan kajian awal, dibuat tanda penerimaan laporan dan laporan polisi.
Dari ketentuan di atas, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa setelah menerima laporan/pengaduan tindak pidana, penyidik/penyidik pembantu akan melakukan kajian awal guna menilai layak/tidaknya laporan/pengaduan tersebut untuk dibuatkan tanda penerimaan laporan dan laporan polisi.
Sehingga, secara hukum, jika penyidik/penyidik pembantu berdasarkan hasil kajian awal menilai tidak layak dibuatkan laporan polisi, maka bisa saja polisi menolak laporan dalam arti laporan polisi tidak dibuat atas laporan/pengaduan yang diberikan.
Namun demikian, dalam memutuskan tidak dibuatnya laporan polisi atas laporan/aduan yang disampaikan, penyidik yang bersangkutan harus memiliki alasan yang sah menurut hukum, misalnya polisi menolak laporan karena tindak pidana tersebut merupakan delik aduan, sedangkan yang mengadukannya bukanlah orang yang berhak menurut hukum.
Hal ini penting, sebab Pasal 12 huruf a dan f Perpolri 7/2022 mengatur:
Setiap Pejabat Polri dalam Etika Kemasyarakatan, dilarang:
- menolak atau mengabaikan permintaan pertolongan, bantuan, atau Laporan dan Pengaduan masyarakat yang menjadi lingkup tugas, fungsi dan kewenangannya;
- mempersulit masyarakat yang membutuhkan perlindungan, pengayoman, dan pelayanan;
Selain itu, setiap pejabat Polri dalam etika kelembagaan dilarang di antaranya melakukan perbuatan yang tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan, dan/atau standar operasional prosedur meliputi penegakan hukum antara lain seperti:
- mengabaikan kepentingan pelapor, terlapor, atau pihak lain yang terkait dalam perkara yang bertentangan dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan;
- merekayasa dan memanipulasi perkara yang menjadi tanggung jawabnya dalam rangka penegakan hukum;
- menghambat kepentingan pelapor, terlapor, dan pihak terkait lainnya yang sedang berperkara untuk memperoleh haknya dan/atau melaksanakan kewajibannya;
- mengurangi, menambahkan, merusak, menghilangkan dan/atau merekayasa barang bukti.
Terhadap dugaan pelanggaran Kode Etik Profesi Polri (“KEPP”) yang dilakukan anggota Polri tersebut yakni menolak atau mengabaikan permintaan pertolongan, bantuan, atau laporan dan pengaduan masyarakat, dilakukan penegakan KEPP.
Bagi Masyarakat yang telah membuat pengaduan atau laporan ke polisi sudah berbulan bulan bahkan hingga bertahun PHMI siap mendampingi.
Untuk memperoleh Pendampinagan dan Bantuan Hukum Hubungi PHMI di :
Wa : 082 1234 23239
Email : phmi.or.id@gmail.com
Dasar Hukum:
- Peraturan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 7 Tahun 2022 tentang Kode Etik Profesi dan Komisi Kode Etik Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia;
- Peraturan Kepala Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 6 Tahun 2019 tentang Penyidikan Tindak Pidana.
- Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP)
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